Hard links a file system entry src
to dest
. If
src
is a directory, this method links its contents
recursively.
Both of src
and dest
must be a path name.
src
must exist, dest
must not exist.
If dereference_root
is true, this method dereference tree
root.
If remove_destination
is true, this method removes each
destination file before copy.
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/ln_r.rb, line 52 def link_entry(src, dest, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false) Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).traverse do |ent| destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false) File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && File.file?(destent.path) ent.link destent.path end end
Options: noop verbose dereference_root remove_destination
Hard link src
to dest
. If src
is a
directory, this method links all its contents recursively. If
dest
is a directory, links src
to
dest/src
.
src
can be a list of files.
# Installing ruby library "mylib" under the site_ruby FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', :force FileUtils.ln_r 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib' # Examples of copying several files to target directory. FileUtils.ln_r %W(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail' FileUtils.ln_r Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/aamine/lib/ruby', :noop => true, :verbose => true # If you want to copy all contents of a directory instead of the # directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y, # use following code. FileUtils.ln_r 'src/.', 'dest' # cp_r('src', 'dest') makes src/dest, # but this doesn't.
TODO: Why –remove-destination and not just –force?
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/ln_r.rb, line 26 def ln_r(src, dest, options = {}) fu_check_options options, OPT_TABLE['ln_r'] fu_output_message "ln -r#{options[:remove_destination] ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] return if options[:noop] options = options.dup options[:dereference_root] = true unless options.key?(:dereference_root) fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d| link_entry s, d, options[:dereference_root], options[:remove_destination] end end
An intergrated glob like method that take a set of include globs, exclude globs and ignore globs to produce a collection of paths.
The ignore_globs differ from exclude_globs in that they match by the basename of the path rather than the whole pathname.
TODO: Should ignore be based on any portion of the path, not just the basename?
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/amass.rb, line 13 def amass(include_globs, exclude_globs=[], ignore=[]) include_files = include_globs.flatten.map{ |g| Dir.glob(g) }.flatten.uniq exclude_files = exclude_globs.flatten.map{ |g| Dir.glob(g) }.flatten.uniq include_globs = include_globs.map{ |f| File.directory?(f) ? File.join(f, '**/*') : f } # Recursive! exclude_globs = exclude_globs.map{ |f| File.directory?(f) ? File.join(f, '**/*') : f } # Recursive! include_files = include_globs.flatten.map{ |g| Dir.glob(g) }.flatten.uniq exclude_files = exclude_globs.flatten.map{ |g| Dir.glob(g) }.flatten.uniq files = include_files - exclude_files files = files.reject{ |f| ignore.any?{ |x| File.fnmatch?(x, File.basename(f)) } } files end
Like FileUtils.copy_entry, but takes a filter proc that can return false to skip a file.
Note that if the filter rejects a subdirectory then everything within that subdirectory is automatically skipped as well.
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/cp_rx.rb, line 32 def copy_entryx(src, dest, filter, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false) Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).traverse do |ent| if filter.call(ent.path) then destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false) File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && File.file?(destent.path) ent.copy destent.path ent.copy_metadata(destent.path) if preserve end end end
Like FileUtils.cp_r, but takes a filter proc that can return false to skip a file:
cp_rx "bigDirectoryTree", "dest", {:noop => true} do |name| /dontCopyThis$/.match(name) end
Note that if the filter rejects a subdirectory then everything within that subdirectory is automatically skipped as well.
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/cp_rx.rb, line 16 def cp_rx(src, dest, options = {}, &filter) fu_check_options(options, OPT_TABLE['cp_r']) if options[:verbose] fu_output_message("cp -r#{options[:preserve] ? 'p' : ''}#{options[:remove_destination] ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}") end return if options[:noop] fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d| copy_entryx(s, d, filter, options[:preserve], options[:dereference_root], options[:remove_destination]) end end
In block form, yields the first number of lines
of file
filename
. In non-block form, it returns an array of the first
number of lines
:
# Returns first 10 lines of 'myfile' FileUtils.head("myfile", 10)
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/slice.rb, line 25 def head(filename,lines) #:yield: a = [] IO.foreach(filename){|line| break if lines <= 0 lines -= 1 if block_given? yield line else a << line end } return a.empty? ? nil : a end
The opposite of uptodate?
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/outofdate.rb, line 7 def outofdate?(path, *sources) #return true unless File.exist?(path) ! uptodate?(path, sources.flatten) end
Attempt to do a normal file link, but fall back to a copy if the link fails.
CREDIT: Jim Weirich
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/safe_ln.rb, line 13 def safe_ln(*args) unless LINKING_SUPPORTED[0] cp(*args) else begin ln(*args) rescue Errno::EOPNOTSUPP LINKING_SUPPORTED[0] = false cp(*args) end end end
In block form, yields lines from
-to
. In
non-block form, returns an array of lines
from
-to
:
# Returns lines 8-12 of 'myfile' FileUtils.body("myfile",8,12)
CREDIT Shashank Date, via Daniel Berger.
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/slice.rb, line 15 def slice(filename,from,to) #:yield: IO.readlines(filename)[from-1..to-1] end
Stage by hard linking included files to a stage directory.
stage_directory - Where to stage the files source_directory - Where to find files to stage files - Files to link in stage relative to source
TODO: Rename to link_stage or something less likely to name clash? TODO: Add options for :verbose, :noop and :dryrun ?
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/stage.rb, line 15 def stage(stage_directory, source_directory, files, options={}) return stage_directory if options[:noop] || options[:dryrun] stage_directory, source_directory = stage_directory.to_s, source_directory.to_s ## ensure existance of staging area rm_r(stage_directory) if File.directory?(stage_directory) mkdir_p(stage_directory) ## link files into staging area files.each do |f| src = File.join(source_directory, f) file = File.join(stage_directory, f) if File.directory?(src) mkdir_p(file) unless File.exist?(file) else fdir = File.dirname(file) mkdir_p(fdir) unless File.exist?(fdir) unless File.exist?(file) and File.mtime(file) >= File.mtime(src) ln(src, file) #safe_ln ? end end end return stage_directory end
In block form, yields the last number of lines
of file
filename
. In non-block form, it returns the lines as an array.
Note that this method slurps the entire file, so I don’t recommend it for
very large files. If you want an advanced form of tail
, I
suggest using file-tail, by Florian Frank (available on the RAA):
# Returns last 3 lines of 'myfile' FileUtils.tail("myfile",3)
And no tail -f.
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/slice.rb, line 50 def tail(filename,lines) #:yield IO.readlines(filename).reverse[0..lines-1].reverse end
With no arguments, returns a four element array consisting of the number of bytes, characters, words and lines in filename, respectively.
Valid options are bytes
, characters
(or just
‘chars’), words
and lines
:
# Return the number of words in 'myfile' FileUtils.wc("myfile",'words')
CREDIT: Daniel J. Berger
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/wc.rb, line 17 def wc(filename,option='all') option.downcase! valid = %Wall bytes characters chars lines words/ unless valid.include?(option) raise "Invalid option: '#{option}'" end n = 0 if option == 'lines' IO.foreach(filename){ n += 1 } return n elsif option == 'bytes' File.open(filename){ |f| f.each_byte{ n += 1 } } return n elsif option == 'characters' || option == 'chars' File.open(filename){ |f| while f.getc n += 1 end } return n elsif option == 'words' IO.foreach(filename){ |line| n += line.split.length } return n else bytes,chars,lines,words = 0,0,0,0 IO.foreach(filename){ |line| lines += 1 words += line.split.length chars += line.split('').length } File.open(filename){ |f| while f.getc bytes += 1 end } return [bytes,chars,words,lines] end end
In block form, yields each ((program)) within ((path)). In non-block form, returns an array of each ((program)) within ((path)). Returns (({nil})) if not found.
On the MS Windows platform, it looks for executables ending with .exe, .bat and .com, which you may optionally include in the program name:
FileUtils.whereis("ruby") #=> ['/usr/local/bin/ruby','/opt/bin/ruby']
CREDIT: Daniel J. Berger
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/whereis.rb, line 25 def whereis(prog, path=ENV['PATH']) #:yield: dirs = [] path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each{|dir| # Windows checks against specific extensions if File::ALT_SEPARATOR if prog.include?('.') f = File.join(dir,prog) if File.executable?(f) && !File.directory?(f) if block_given? yield f.gsub(/\//,'\') else dirs << f.gsub(/\//,'\') end end else Win32Exts.find_all{|ext| f = File.join(dir,prog+ext) if File.executable?(f) && !File.directory?(f) if block_given? yield f.gsub(/\//,'\') else dirs << f.gsub(/\//,'\') end end } end else f = File.join(dir,prog) # Avoid /usr/lib/ruby, for example if File.executable?(f) && !File.directory?(f) if block_given? yield f else dirs << f end end end } dirs.empty? ? nil : dirs end
Looks for the first occurrence of program within path.
On the MS Windows platform, it looks for executables ending with .exe, .bat
and .com, which you may optionally include in the program name. Returns
nil
if not found.
CREDIT: Daniel J. Berger, Michael Granger
# File lib/standard/facets/fileutils/which.rb, line 27 def which(prog, path=ENV['PATH']) path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each {|dir| # Windows checks against specific extensions if File::ALT_SEPARATOR ext = Win32Exts.find{|ext| if prog.include?('.') # Assume extension already included f = File.join(dir,prog) else f = File.join(dir,prog+ext) end File.executable?(f) && !File.directory?(f) } if ext # Use backslashes, not forward slashes if prog.include?('.') # Assume extension already included f = File.join( dir, prog ).gsub(/\//,'\') else f = File.join( dir, prog + ext ).gsub(/\//,'\') end return f end else f = File.join(dir,prog) # Avoid /usr/lib/ruby, for example if File.executable?(f) && !File.directory?(f) return File::join( dir, prog ) end end } nil end